Plant Breeding and Management Strategies to Minimize the Impact of Water Scarcity and Biotic Stress in Cereal Crops under Mediterranean Conditions

Wheat and rice are two main staple food crops that may suffer from yield losses due to drought episodes increasingly impacted by climate change, in addition new epidemic outbreaks. Sustainable intensification of production will rely on several strategies, such as efficient use water variety improvement. This review updates the latest findings regarding complementary approaches agronomy, genetics, phenomics cope with change challenges. The agronomic approach focuses a case study examining alternative management practices, their impact greenhouse gas emissions biodiversity for ecosystem services. genetic reviews depth technologies achieve fungal disease resistance, well landraces increase diversity varieties. explores recent advances high-throughput remote sensing useful detecting both biotic abiotic stress effects breeding programs. nature all these indicates only interdisciplinary work ensure significant steps towards more sustainable agriculture under future scenarios.